Basiswissen

Als Information bezeichnet man Daten, Fakten, Erkenntnisstücke, die von einem Empfänger sinnvoll gedeutet werden können. Als Botschaft gedeutet vermittelt eine Information etwas vorher Unbekanntes, eine Information verringert die Unsicherheit.^[2] Siehe auch Informatik ↗

Fußnoten

[1] David J. C. MacKay: Information Theory, Inference, and Learning Algorithms. Cambridge University Press. 2003. 640 Seiten. ISBN: 978-0521642989.

[2] Nach der Informationstheorie von Claude E. Shannon aus dem Jahr 1948 ist Information ein Maß für die "beseitigte Unsicherheit" bei einer Kommunikation. The uncertainty of a joint event is less than or equal to the sum of the individual uncertainties): C. E. Shannon: A Mathematical Theory of Communication. In: Bell System Technical Journal. Band 27, Nr. 3, 1948, S. 379–423, doi:10.1002/j.1538-7305.1948.tb01338.x

[3] "INFORMATION: Literally that which forms within, but moreadequately: the equivalent of or the capacity of something to perform organizational work, the difference between two forms of ORGANIZATIONor between two states of UNCERTAINTY before and after a message hasbeen received, but also the degree to which one VARIABLE of a SYST EMdepends on or is constrained by (->CONSTRAINT) another. E.g., the DNA carries GENETIC INFORMATION inasmuch as it organizes or CONTROLs theorderly GROWTH of a living organism. A message carries information inasmuch as it conveys something not already known. The answer to aquestion carries information to the extent it reduces the questioner's uncertainty. A telephone line carries information only when the signals sent correlate with those received. Since information islinked to certain changes, differences or dependencies, it is desirableto refer to these and distinguish between information stored, information carried, information transmitted, information required,etc. Pure and unqualified information is an unwarranted abstraction.INFORMATION THEORY measures the quantities of all of these kinds of information in terms of BITs. The larger the uncertainty removed by amessage, the stronger the correlation between the INPUT and OUTPUT of aCOMMUNICATION 'CHANNEL, the more detailed particular instructions are the more information is transmitted." In: Klaus Krippendorf: A Dictionary of Cybernetics. Annaberg School of Economics. University of Pennsylvania. 1986. Online: https://asc-cybernetics.org/publications/Krippendorff/A_Dictionary_of_Cybernetics.pdf